These places baked the most during Earth’s hottest month on record
July 2023 will go down as the hottest month on record across the globe, and perhaps the hottest in at least 120,000 years, according to climate scientists . During this sweltering month for the planet, countless daily, monthly and all-time record high temperatures were reached in multiple regions, often concurrently. A rash of intense heat domes zones of high pressure sprawled across the northern hemisphere plagued Asia, southern Europe and northern Africa, North America and much of the tropics including the Caribbean. Extreme heat was even observed on several occasions across the southern hemisphere, where it is the middle of winter. China registered an all-time high temperature for the country of 126 degrees (52.2 degrees Celsius), while the July 16 high of 128 degrees (53.3 Celsius) in Death Valley, Calif., was two degrees shy of the highest reliably measured temperature on Earth. Numerous countries surpassed 122 degrees (50 Celsius) for highs. In the Middle East, the heat index reached 152 degrees (66.7 Celsius), near the limit of human survival . In some cases, daily heat records have been strung together into record-long streaks, including 31 straight days reaching 110 degrees (43.3 Celsius) or higher in Phoenix, 44 days at or above 100 degrees (37.8 Celsius) in El Paso and 46 straight days with a heat index over 100 degrees (37.8 Celsius) in Miami. When every day somewhere is a climate record of some sort Remarkably, both the southernmost and northernmost cities in the continental United States had their warmest July and warmest month on record. At the northern tip of Alaska, Utqiagvik formerly Barrow averaged 48.4 degrees (9.1 Celsius), 6.2 degrees (3.4 Celsius) above the norm. Meanwhile, at the southern tip of Florida, Key West averaged 87.7 degrees (30.9 Celsius), 2.3 degrees (1.3 Celsius) above the norm. July is typically the hottest month of the year in the northern hemisphere. Add in a developing El Nino, the cyclical warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean that adds heat to the atmosphere, temperatures leaped to new heights in many areas. Furthermore, human-caused climate change is making heat waves more frequent, intense, larger and longer-lasting. Since early summer, multiple heat domes have spread across large portions of the northern hemisphere, including four during July that baked the southern U.S. and northern Mexico, southern Europe and northern Africa, Asia and the Atlantic Ocean. Max temperature, July 18-21 Less than 80 F 80 F 90 F 100 F 110 F and greater A relentless and punishing heat dome set temperature records over the southern United States throughout July. Heat dome Concurrently, historically severe heat domes sprawled over southern Europe and parts of Asia. Heat domes Source: NOAA Max temperature, July 18-21 Less than 80 F 80 F 90 F 100 F 110 F A relentless and punishing heat dome set temperature records over the southern United States throughout July. Heat dome Concurrently, historically severe heat domes sprawled over southern Europe and parts of Asia. Heat domes Source: NOAA Max temperature, July 18-21 Less than 80 F 80 F 90 F 100 F 110 F A relentless and punishing heat dome set temperature records over the southern United States throughout July. Heat dome Heat domes Concurrently, historically severe heat domes sprawled over southern Europe and parts of Asia. Source: NOAA The heat dome in southern Europe and northern Africa, helped push the Mediterranean Sea to record warm levels . To the east, a migrating heat dome meant waves of punishing hot weather over China and East Asia. Over the far north, the hot and dry weather that has fueled Canadas worst wildfire season on record continued. In Phoenix and the southwestern U.S., a sprawling heat dome persisted occasionally swelling northeastward and engulfing much of the Lower 48. An extension of the never-ending heat also draped itself across Florida, central America and into the Caribbean. Its not just hot. Climate anomalies are emerging around the globe. Records for extreme warmth were set basically all over the globe, on land and over the oceans. The heat was particularly intense in East Asia, southern Europe into North Africa, Canada and America, as well as the Caribbean. 1 / 2 China started off July by setting all-time highs. Readings of 109.9 degrees (43.3 Celsius) in Jingxing and Linzhou were observed during the first week among a slew of records. Another extended run of extreme heat arrived mid-month, bringing Hong Kong near all-time highs, with additional scorchers dotting the region as July closed. Beijing has posted a record number of days at or above 95 degrees (35 Celsius). Japan also witnessed all-time highs early and late in the month and its hottest July on record . Tokyo reached at least 95 degrees 13 times, the most of any month on record. It ended the month with eight such days in a row, its second-longest streak, according to local meteorologist Sayaka Mori. Ocean temperatures are off the charts. Heres where theyre highest. When it reached 118.8 degrees (48.2 Celsius) on July 24, the Italian island of Sardinia matched southern Europes hottest July day on record. In Figueres, Spain, it hit 113.5 degrees (45.3 Celsius) several days earlier the hottest its ever been in the Catalonia region. The heat in southern Europe surged north from Africa. Algeria saw numerous records fall, including the capital of Algiers reaching 119.7 degrees (48.7 Celsius) on the 23rd , beating its previous high mark set on the 11th. In Tunisia, Tunis reached 120.2 degrees (49 Celsius) posting an all-time record, among several other cities. High temperatures topped 120 degrees (50 Celsius) during July in the United Arab Emirates, Mexico, China, Iran, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United States. Death Valley reached 128 degrees (53.3 degrees), a few shy of its highest on record, and had a midnight temperature of 120 degrees (48.9 Celsius), the highest ever observed at that hour anywhere on Earth . Extreme warmth reached far to the north, including Norman Wells , in Canadas Northwest Territories at 100.2 degrees (37.9 Celsius) and Yekaterinburg, Russia at 104 degrees (40 Celsius). It also roasted the Caribbean, no stranger to heat. All-time maximums were observed in Cuba at 99 degrees (37.2 Celsius) in Guria de Melena, Barahona in the Dominican Republic, and into Central America where San Miguel set a July record for that part of the continent . In addition to all the very hot daytime temperatures, historically warm overnight lows were also prevalent. All-time warm minimums were set in Russian Siberia and northern Quebec in Canada. Palermo, Italy, only fell to 97 degrees (36.2 Celsius) in the late-month heat spell, Europes warmest low on record. Somehow even that was topped by a 103.1 degree low (39.5 Celsius) in the Canary Islands and 100.9 degrees (38.3 Celsius) in Algeria. Every day of the month featured dozens of record highs for both high and low temperatures in the United States. Of the long-term stations tracked by the Southeast Regional Climate Center , there were more than 3,200 in total. Record warm lows outnumbered record highs by a few hundred. Both spiked above 100 per day at times during the second half of the month. Multiple stations with 100 years or more of continuous data saw exceptional numbers of calendar day record highs during the month. There were 12 recorded in El Paso as well as Phoenix, 10 in Tucson, eight in Brownsville, Tex., and Flagstaff, Ariz., and seven in Miami. Among the hundreds of calendar day record-warm low temperatures, 16 were set in Phoenix, 13 in Key West, 13 in Baton Rouge and nine in Del Rio, Tex., and Albuquerque. All-time record-warm lows were set in Phoenix (97 degrees, 36.1 Celsius), Salt Lake City (82 degrees, 27.8 Celsius) and Albuquerque (79 degrees, 26.1 Celsius). Phoenix became the first major American city to average 100 degrees (37.8 Celsius) or higher for a full month. Phoenix just posted the hottest month ever observed in a U.S. city Numerous locations across the Desert Southwest, Texas, the Gulf Coast and much of Florida saw their hottest July on record. Some locations that set records include: Phoenix (102.7 degrees, 39.3 Celsius), El Paso (91.6 degrees, 32.8 Celsius), Baton Rouge (87.8 degrees, 31 Celsius), and Tampa and Miami (both at 86.5 degrees, 30.3 Celsius). July 2023 temperature ranking compared to all Julys since 1895 using Prism gridded data. The darkest red colors show where July 2023 was the record warmest. pic.twitter.com/krrRrkyrDt While temperatures are beginning to cool from their annual peaks in much of the northern hemisphere, the unrelenting hot pattern is poised to roll onward. Despite brief pauses in the worst heat in the Southwest United States, warmer-than-normal weather is probable through August in the region, as it is in East Asia and Japan, as well as North Africa and southern Europe. Jason Samenow and Dan Stillman contributed to this report. Our warming climate: In the Eastern U.S., the record-breaking heat wave is reaching is peaking. July was Earths hottest month , and heres where the worst, record-setting heat occurred . Use our tracker to see your citys extreme heat risk . Take a look at what extreme heat does to the human body . How to stay safe: Its better to prepare for extreme heat before youre in it. Heres our guide to bracing for a heat wave , tips for staying cool even if you dont have air conditioning , and what to know about animal safety during extreme heat . Traveling during a heat wave isnt ideal, but heres what to do if you are . Understanding the science: Sprawling zones of high pressure called heat domes fuel heat waves. Heres how they work . You can also read more about the link between weather disasters and climate change , and how leaders in the U.S. and Europe are responding to heat .